How a nuclear reactor works

How a nuclear reactor works

• In nuclear reactors, a controlled reaction is used to divide the atoms and to release the energy used to generate electrical energy. 
• Over the years, reactors have been seen as a miracle and a threat. When the first U.S. in Shippingport, 1956 Worked on a commercial reactor line, technology was welcomed in the form of energy source in future, it is believed that this will make electricity very cheap.
•  Countries around the world produced 442 nuclear reactors and one fourth of those reactors were made in the United States, 14 percent of their electricity depend on the world's nuclear reactors. In fact, the futurists also imagined being a nuclear power automobile.
• Then, after 23 years, when there was a defect of unit 2 cooling and partial recession of radioactive fuel in Three Mile Island Power Plant in Pennsylvania, emotions about reactors changed radically. 
• Many people saw reactors highly complex and unsafe for human and instrumental failures, leading to potentially catastrophic consequences. 
• But in the early 2000s, nuclear reactors started returning due to increased demand for energy, reducing supply of fossil fuels and increasing concern about climate change due to carbon dioxide emissions. At the end of the decade, the U.S. 
• The Nuclear Regulatory Commission had begun approving permits for new plants.
• Today, we will tell here how the nuclear reactors work, what happens when they have the effect on our health and the environment compared to their failure, and other energy sources. 
• We will also see which technical progress can secure future nuclear reactors. If you have had some time for physics in high school.
•  we remind you how nuclear fission works: atoms are like small solar systems, where the sun is on, and electrons roaming around it. Nucleus is composed of particles called protons and neutrons, which form bonds together as a strong force or can say that they are tied together.
•  This "strong force" which keeps them strong is very powerful, despite the power of strong force, it is possible to divide the nucleus, it can be divided by the rain of neutrons. When this is done, then energy is released completely. When atoms are split, then chain splits them into reaction.
• Uranium-235 uses a specific isotope in nuclear reactors, uranium-235 is rare in nature; Uranium mine is only 0.7 percent of uranium-235 in uranium mines. This is the reason that rich uranium is used for reactors.
•  which is made by separating uranium-235 through the gas dispensing process and focusing. This is the process which gives nuclear bombs, such as Hiroshima and Nagasaki, were dropped on Japan during World War II. But in the nuclear reactor.
•  it is controlled by adding control rods made from materials such as cadmium, hafnium or boron to chain reaction, which absorbs some neutrons. 
• It still allows the fission process to give enough energy to heat the water at temperatures of about 520 ° F (271 ° C) and convert it to vapor, which is used to turn the turbine and generate electricity. is done.