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The pharynx is located behind the nose, mouth and larynx. It extends from the cranial base to the sixth cervical vertebra. On this vertebra, the intestinal tract starts from the pharynx on the level of the crocodile cartilage. The pharynx is approximately 12 cm long. And in three parts there is a banyan.

function of the pharynx

The posterior pharynx behind the nose and the lower part of the pharynx is the crescent moon. There are seven gates in the pharynx. The walls of the pharynx are made up of three levels. Mucus level, level level, muscular level

There are two types of epithelium in the pharynx. 

• The respiratory epithelium in the upper part and layered epithelium in the lower section. There is a body of lymph tissue which is called tonsil, between the pillars of the fauces on either side in the pharynx. In it, blood vessels are groups of lymph nodes and lymph cells. 
• The lymphatic tissue that exists in the posterior nasal and eustastian tubes in the pharynx is known as 'Adenoid'. The esophagus is a muscular tube made of 23-25 ​​cm long which joins the gross upper and opens down into the stomach. 
• The murals of the esophagus are made up of The outermost outer layer is of connective tissue, within which the muscular level consists of two parts of the derivative and the ring muscle. Then there is an all mucus level (the discomfort level) and the most 'mucus epithelium'. Swallowing is the verb after chewing. 
• This verb is divided into three parts. The first action is electives. The second action of dewatering occurs in the pharynx. The third part of the niggard is accomplished by peristalsis of the esophagus.
• pharynx is a funnel-shaped muscle channel, which has a length of 14 cm. The body composition of this organ allows food to flow in the esophagus and without stomach. 
• Apart from this, thanks to the creative and physical characteristics, air through the nose to the lungs and backwards through the fenance. That is, the digestion of one person and the respiratory system crosses the throat.

Frame of pharynx

The structural structure of the pharynx is not a simple plan: the body emerges from the base of the scalp (about the groin bone) and is stretched up VI-VII cervical vertebra (approximately at the level of clavicles). In someone, the length of the phenonx is 10 (in children and adolescents) from 14 cm (in adults).

• The entire inner surface of pharynx is mucous in the open and the gland, under which are the spherical spherical muscles, are able to contract (contract and stretch). They help the body fulfill its functions. 

Main Function of pharynx:

• Breathing
• Ingesting food,
• Voice education

In general, the device of pharynx can be described as follows: There are three sections (nose, oral, and larangnial), each of which is connected to a normal tube and performs some actions. For better understanding of the anatomy of Feranox, the structure of each part should be studied in more detail.

Middle part of pharynx: Its structure and function

The following part of the system can be considered oropharynx: this area, which extends itself from the root of the tongue to asophageous. The entire surface of this tube is covered with a mucous membrane under which the muscles are located. These are those that compress the phenonx and encourage to push food. It is difficult to believe, but all muscles are in constant motion, which ensures vital activity of the Fahrenjal cavity.

• The largest muscles of oropharynx are called constrictors, they have heavy loads during the contraction of the muscle system. They are usually located behind the pariagrium process (root of the tongue) and perform most important functions of human feranax in digestion. In addition to swallowing food and mucous, they are involved in the opening and closing of the pharynx. Depending on location, they are divided into upper concrete, mid and two lateral concreters.

Lower part of Ferinox - Larringopharynux

The lowest organ part is part of the hagla located in the back, on 4 bamboos, this esophagus is spread from the beginning of the pharynx. The surface of the fibrous coat is hypopharynx, under which there are longitudinal and transverse muscles. During the reception, the longitudinal muscle stretches and sours in food as it is, and cross lifts - push pieces of food. The role of pharynx in digestion is largely due to the condition of the body: how the amygdala, they are able to protect against viral diseases, there are no abnormalities in the development and see any old, wound or statistical diseases.

What are the functions of pharynx in the respiratory system?

• Everybody knows that in fact the two main elements of an individual's important activity are associated: they are respiratory and digestive system. How is it that there is no collision on this "intersection", and each process works without failures? All this is about the artistic tool of this body.
• Above the verbal level, the cavity in the area of ​​nasopharynx is a small system of valves, which alternately cover or open one or the other laryngeal path depending on the process (breathing or eating). The main air channel which extends from Nasopharynics to Larnex, with the dull condition of all the muscles, so we can calmly breathe air from the mouth and take out. 

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• When we shout, the septum air located in the area of ​​soft rhythm allows to pass in the oral cavity and into the nasal cave. Unfortunately, a person is not able to completely control the muscles of this septum: even if you lift the soft rhythm and stop the flow of air, then the path will still be open. This is the reason that sometimes the food particles can come in Nasopharynics.
• The next is the triangle, through which the airflow comes from the beginning of the lungs. This organ makes universal distribution of air flow very convenient in Feranox, and thanks to the valve located in its base (atmosphere), the basic functions of pharynx are performed in the respiratory system.

The main function of pharynx in digestion

A ferrnax is an organ through which the exposed food enters the esophagus, and then enters the stomach. The most important processes in the throat are those that affect all digestion. Here it is that food is firstly judged by its flavor properties: In oropharynx, there are receptors on the surface of the tongue that make the taste sensation from food and contribute to hunger in many ways.

• Another function of pharynx is the preliminary mechanical processing of food: with the help of teeth, we cut down the food, chew and grind. There is an active salts process in the neck, due to which the food is wetted and easily passes from the lornex to asophageous.

An interesting fact: The contraction of muscles which promotes the injection of food is reflexive, impulse from the central nervous system which causes the muscles to move arbitrarily, i.e., the person does not control this process. This phenomenon was found when the person was in an anesthetic condition.

Swallowing act

Due to the presence of a cross in pharynx, the pneumatic and respiratory tract is equipped with special equipment that separates the respiratory tract from digestion during swallowing. Due to the contraction of the muscles of the tongue, a piece of food is pressed against the sky behind the tongue and is then pushed into the pharynx. At this time, the soft sky is pulled up (thanks to the contraction of muscle tanger veli paratini and leveyor veli palatini). Then the nasal (respiratory) section is completely divided with the oral section of the pharynx section.

• With it, the muscles which are located above hydro bone, pull up the lens. The root of the tongue then descends and suppresses the epiglottis, so that the latter descends, which closes the path in Larnex. After continuous contraction of concretions, due to which a piece of food enters the esophagus. In this case, the longitudinal muscles of the pharynx work as lifts, i.e., they take the Foodenx towards the movement of the food lump.

pharynx's blood supply and conservation

Blood supply is primarily to the Arterial Artery (1), Thyroid Upper (3) and Facial Branches (2), Maxillary and Carotide External Artery. Venus outflow occurs in the placentas located at the top of the Flexi muscle membrane, and further in the jugular inner vein (5) with the renal vein
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• Stomach Parts and Function
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• Tongue Anatomy Diagram with Function